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The results are as follows:
Based on a mean follow-up of 20.1 years, 15,541 women died and 17,252 had a fracture, of which 4,259 had a hip fracture. Based on a mean follow-up of the male cohort of 11.2 years, 10,112 men died and 5,066 had a fracture, of which 1,166 were hip fractures. In women, the adjusted hazard ratio for mortality for 3 or more glasses of milk per day compared with less than 1 glass of milk per day was 1.93 (95% confidence interval: 1.86 to 2.06). For each glass of milk, the adjusted hazard ratio for all-cause mortality was 1.15 (1.13 to 1.17) in women and 1.03 (1.01 to 1.04) in men. For each glass of milk, in women, no reduction in fracture risk was observed with greater milk consumption for any fracture type (1.02 – 1.00 to 1.04) or for hip fracture (1.09 – 1.05 to 1.13). The corresponding adjusted hazard ratios in men were 1.01 (0.99 to 1.03) and 1.03 (0.99 to 1.07). In subsamples of two additional cohorts, one in men and one in women, a positive association was observed between milk consumption and both urinary 8-iso-PGF2a (a biomarker of oxidative stress) and serum interleukin 6 (a key inflammatory biomarker)” (1)
The study concluded that high milk consumption was linked to higher mortality in a cohort of women and a cohort of men, and with a higher incidence of fractures in women. It also concluded:
“Because observational study designs are constructed with an inherent possibility of residual confounding and reverse causality phenomena, cautious interpretation of the results is recommended” (1)
This isn’t the only study that suggests milk isn’t good for our bodies.
In an article published in the Journal of the American Medical Association Pediatrics, Harvard pediatrician David Ludwig points out that fracture rates tend to be lower in countries where milk is not consumed compared to those where it is, also noting that there are many other sources of calcium. (source)
Another study published in the American Journal of Public Health showed that dairy consumption may actually increase the risk of fractures by 50 percent. (2)
Studies have also shown that calcium doesn’t protect bones as much as we thought. Several studies on calcium supplementation have shown that it provides no benefit in reducing the risk of bone fracture. In fact, vitamin D appears to be more effective when it comes to reducing this risk. (3)
Studies have also shown that dairy products may increase the risk of developing prostate cancer by 30 to 50%. (4)
The list of studies literally goes on and on.
Continued on the next page
